Dengue Virus Fever: Warning Signs and Prevention

Dengue virus fever is also known as break-bone fever. It is a mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus, it is characterized by the episode of “saddleback” fever, headache, muscle and joint pains accompanied by an initial redness of the skin caused congestion of the capillaries in its layers and a terminal rash.

Epidemiology of Dengue Virus fever

However, the dengue viruses (stereotype 1-4) the 5th type was announced in 2013. The distinctions between the serotypes are based on their antigenicity. The incubation period ranges from 3-14 but most often 4-7 days, and there is no evidence of persons to person transmissions.

Mode of Transmission

It is primarily transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Most bites occur during 2 hrs after sunrise (particularly in the morning) and several hours before sunset. They are able to bite and spread infection and any time of the day during the year. The vertical transmission does occur, however, is relatively low. It can also be transmitted through infected blood products and through or organ donation.

Warning Signs

• Worsening abdominal pain
• Ongoing vomiting
• Hepatomegaly
• Mucosal bleeding
• High hematocrit
• Restlessness
• Serosal effusion

Prevention and Control

At present, there is no specific treatment, no vaccine is currently available.
The only method of controlling and preventing dengue fever is to combat the vector and mosquitos.

• Vector control is implemented using environmental management and chemical methods, proper solid waste disposal, elimination of stagnant water in the domestic environment and improved water storage practices.
• Mosquito bed net could be used when the room is not air conditional
• Ensure you wear long-sleeved clothes and long trousers when going outdoors.
• Application of mosquito repellants
• Travelers should apply appropriate personal protective measures against mosquito bites.

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